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According to Biblical tradition, Judaism was founded at least 3,000 years ago when the nation of Israel was formed by Prophet Abraham and his descendants in the land of Palestine in the Middle East.
The Hebrew Bible
The beliefs of Judaism are based on the Hebrew Bible which consists of the Law, the Prophets and the Writings and on the teachings of Prophets Abraham and Moses.
The Law
The Law or Torah narrates the story of creation, God’s covenant with the descendants of Prophet Abraham and the creation of the nation of Israel as an example to all other nations.
The Law is made up of five books:
- Genesis
- Exodus
- Leviticus
- Numbers
- Deuteronomy
The Prophets
The Prophets or Neviʾim reports the interpretations of the Law and frequent condemnations and declarations of divine punishment by ancient Israelite prophets of their nation’s behaviour.
The Former Prophets include:
- Joshua
- Judges
- Samuel
- Kings
The Latter Prophets include:
- Isaiah
- Jeremiah
- Ezekiel
- The Twelve or Minor Prophets such as Malachi